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The cold storage agent and cold storage system in supermarket refrigerated showcase (2)
The cold storage agent and cold storage system in supermarket refrigerated showcase
The cold storage agent in supermarket refrigerated showcase can be divided into static ice making and dynamic ice making according to the generation method of ice in the tank.
(1) Static ice making
Both freezing and melting are completed in the ice storage tank. Common static ice making methods are: ice-coil type and ice hockey-loaded refrigerant type.
① Ice-coil type Ice-coil type, the coil is immersed in water, and refrigerant is introduced into the tube. When refrigerating, the water in the ice storage tank freezes; when the cooling is released, the return water from the air conditioner enters the ice storage tank to melt the ice and obtain cold energy. Because the backwater of the air conditioner is in direct contact with the ice when the ice is melting, the cold is released quickly. In order to increase the heat exchange rate, the ice storage rate of the ice storage tank should not exceed 50%.
② Ice hockey a refrigerant type.
The ice storage tank is filled with refrigerant (such as ethylene glycol aqueous solution), and ice balls are densely placed in the tank to make the heat exchange area between the ice balls and the refrigerant as large as possible, and the ice balls will not collide with each other The damaged ice ball has a diameter of about 80mm. The cold storage medium is encapsulated in the ball, which is composed of water and a small amount of additives. The volume of the cold storage medium is about 90% of the ball volume, and the remaining 10% is used as a buffer volume when the water freezes. When storing cold, the temperature of the refrigerant is -5 to -12°C, and when releasing the cold, the temperature of the refrigerant is 4-10°C. This kind of cold storage device has a large cold storage capacity, for example: an ice hockey cold storage device with a volume of l100m3; it can hold 3 million small balls, the ice production rate is 55%, and the cold storage capacity is 8800kW
(2) dynamic ice making
n>n0 During ice, ice making and melting occur at the same place (in the ice storage tank or in the ice ball). If the ice making and melting ice are separated: it is movingIce making in a state (for example: the ice produced at one place falls into the ice storage tank and then is transported. The equipment is transported to the ice storage tank to melt). During dynamic ice making, the ice formed on the ice making surface is continuously transferred, the ice layer is thin, the thermal resistance is small, the ice making speed is fast, and the evaporation temperature is higher than the static ice making. The advanced dynamic ice making device produces fluid ice. When the low-concentration non-freezing liquid with large water content flows through the evaporator, it is cooled by the refrigerant, the water undergoes a phase change, and the fine-grained ice is about 0.1mm precipitated to form fluid ice for cold storage. use. In the process of ice precipitation, the concentration of the solution increases, the temperature of ice precipitation decreases, and the evaporation temperature decreases, which is unfavorable to the refrigeration cycle. This point should be carefully considered when selecting antifreeze. After the liquid ice melts in the refrigeration area of the supermarket refrigerated showcase, the solution becomes thinner, returns to the ice accumulator, and then enters the refrigeration cycle side to reproduce liquid ice.
fluid ice has the following advantages:
① can store and carry cold, and the unit cooling capacity is large when carrying cold, so that the capacity and power consumption of the refrigerant circulating pump are significantly reduced;
②Because of the small size of the transportation pipeline, it can be separated Heating costs are low;
②The temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the cooler in the cold place is small, and the temperature distribution in the cooling place is even;
④The internal phase of the cooler transforms heat, and the surface heat transfer coefficient is large, which is equivalent to R134a. When the ice content of fluid ice is in the range of 5% to 27%, the flow rate is 1m/s, and the pipe diameter is 22mm, the pressure loss varies with the ice content.
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